How to determine which exchange to use for a long term European investment?

External question — Personal Finance Stack Exchange Author: alexmcfarlane Original post: https://money.stackexchange.com/questions/153451 License: CC BY-SA 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ Adaptation: HTML converted to plain text; contact email addresses removed. I am a permanent resident in Italy and I'm starting to make a long term investment of monthly fixed purchases (10+ years) in Vanguard S&P 500 UCITS ETF USD Acc (IE00BFMXXD54). I am using a broker and bank in the Netherlands. When I search on their platform I get the following results, which I'm assuming is the same fund/index on different exchanges: TDG, XET, MIL. There are others in different currencies, but I'm also assuming its best to invest in the EUR listings. Is there any real difference or consideration I should make between these? My initial reaction is that I'm based in Italy so it would make sense to use MIL. Any insights would be helpful.

External answer — Personal Finance Stack Exchange Author: Flux Original post: https://money.stackexchange.com/a/153452 License: CC BY-SA 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ Adaptation: HTML converted to plain text; contact email addresses removed. According to the factsheet of Vanguard S&P 500 UCITS ETF (Accumulating), there are four official listings of the ETF: Stock exchange Currency Ticker London Stock Exchange USD VUAG London Stock Exchange EUR VUAA Deutsche Börse EUR VUAA Borsa Italiana S.p.A. EUR VUAA Which one you choose will depend on the following considerations: Which stock exchange does your stock broker support? Which currency is most convenient for you? If you have EUR or have income in EUR, then you may choose to buy in EUR, so that you would not have to convert your money into USD. This will save you the currency conversion fees. Which one would result in the lowest stock brokerage commissions? This varies by stock brokerage, and by stock exchange. There may be other country-specific considerations (e.g. tax), but the ones above are reasonably universal. Another possible consideration is your familiarity with the jurisdiction's tax and securities regulations, and your ability to keep track of changes (e.g. through news articles, or through conversations with other people). For example, I am more familiar with UK regulations, and I can read English better than other European languages. Therefore, I often choose London Stock Exchange listings. I have previously answered a similar question about the purchase of Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (NYSE Arca: VOO, US9229083632) by a US non-resident alien: From which Stock Exchange should I buy ETFs?